Column dictionary¶

Descriptions of every column across all tables in the DigiMuh database. Where information comes from the smaXtec parameter documentation provided by collaborators, it is marked (confirmed). Columns still pending clarification are marked (?).

allocations¶

Column	Unit	Description
`animal_id`	integer ID	EU ear tag number (15-digit unique identifier)
`datetime_enter`	ISO-8601 datetime	Date/time the animal entered the group/pen
`datetime_exit`	ISO-8601 datetime	Date/time the animal left the group/pen
`group`	integer code	Group or pen identifier (Gruppennummer)

diseases¶

Column	Unit	Description
`animal_id`	integer ID	EU ear tag number
`disease_first_day`	date	Date the disease or health event was first recorded
`disease_stop_day`	date	Date the disease or health event resolved
`disease_description`	free text	Textual description of the diagnosis (e.g. BVD AG neg, mastitis, ketosis)
`herdeplus_tier_id`	integer	HerdePlus internal animal ID (software-specific identifier)
`herdeplus_gesund_id`	integer	HerdePlus internal health-record ID (?)
`disease_category`	categorical text	Broad classification (e.g. No Disease, Healthy/remarks, Other/Illness)

herdeplus¶

Milking events, MLP (Milchleistungsprüfung = official milk recording) test-day results, and calving records from the HerdePlus herd management system.

Column	Unit	Description
`timestamp`	ISO-8601 datetime	Date/time of the milking event or MLP sample
`herdeplus_milked_duration_sec`	seconds	Duration of the milking event
`herdeplus_milked_milk_flow`	kg/min	Average milk flow rate during milking
`herdeplus_milked_mkg`	kg	Milk yield per milking event (Milchkilogramm)
`herdeplus_mlp_mkg`	kg	Milk yield at MLP test day
`herdeplus_mlp_fat_percent`	%	Milk fat content from MLP test-day sample
`herdeplus_mlp_fkg`	kg	Fat yield from MLP test day (Fettkilogramm)
`herdeplus_mlp_protein_percent`	%	Milk protein content from MLP test-day sample
`herdeplus_mlp_ekg_percent`	%	Protein yield percentage from MLP (Eiweisskilogramm as fraction of milk) (?)
`herdeplus_mlp_lactose`	%	Lactose content from MLP test-day sample
`herdeplus_mlp_cell_count`	cells/mL (x1000)	Somatic cell count from MLP (indicator of udder health / mastitis)
`herdeplus_mlp_urea`	mg/dL or mg/L	Milk urea nitrogen from MLP (indicator of dietary protein-energy balance)
`herdeplus_mlp_f_e`	dimensionless ratio	Fat-to-protein ratio (Fett-Eiweiss-Quotient); values > 1.4 suggest energy deficit / ketosis risk, < 1.1 suggests SARA
`herdeplus_mlp_lkg`	—	Unknown – possibly Liter-Kilogramm or lactose-kg; needs confirmation (?)
`herdeplus_mlp_ecm`	kg	Energy-corrected milk yield, standardised to 4.0% fat and 3.4% protein
`herdeplus_calving_lactation`	integer	Lactation number (Laktationsnummer): which calving the current lactation follows (1 = primiparous)

bcs¶

Column	Unit	Description
`timestamp`	ISO-8601 datetime	Date of BCS assessment
`bcs_wert`	score (1-5)	Body Condition Score (Wert = value), 1-5 scale in 0.25 increments

gouna¶

Column	Unit	Description
`timestamp`	ISO-8601 datetime	Date/time of respiration measurement
`respirationfrequency`	breaths/min	Respiration rate (Atemfrequenz) (confirmed)

lorawan¶

Column	Unit	Description
`timestamp`	ISO-8601 datetime	Date/time of LoRaWAN sensor reading
`battery_level`	%	Battery charge level of the LoRaWAN sensor node
`current_ampere`	Ampere	Electrical current drawn by the sensor

smaxtec_barns¶

Barn climate measurements from smaXtec barn sensors. THI is calculated according to the NRC (1971) formula (confirmed).

Column	Unit	Description
`timestamp`	ISO-8601 datetime	Date/time of barn climate measurement
`rawtemp`	deg C	Raw (uncalibrated) temperature reading from barn sensor
`rawhum`	%	Raw (uncalibrated) relative humidity from barn sensor
`temp`	deg C	Processed/calibrated barn temperature (Lufttemperatur)
`hum`	%	Processed/calibrated barn relative humidity (rel. Luftfeuchtigkeit)
`temp_hum_index`	dimensionless index	Temperature-Humidity Index (THI) per NRC (1971); values > 68 indicate mild heat stress (confirmed)

smaxtec_events¶

Column	Unit	Description
`timestamp`	ISO-8601 datetime	Date/time of the recorded event
`cow`	integer ID	EU ear tag number (redundant with animal_id from filename)
`event_type`	categorical text	Type of event (e.g. calving_confirmation, insemination, pregnancy_result)
`value`	text or numeric	Associated value or outcome for the event (may be empty)

smaxtec_derived¶

Derived metrics computed by smaXtec software from raw rumen bolus measurements. The bolus sits in the reticulum and measures temperature, pH, and three-axis acceleration. All derived values are computed from these raw signals.

Columns marked (direct) are directly measured or minimally processed. Columns marked (derived) are computed by smaXtec’s algorithms from the direct measurements.

Activity¶

Column	Unit	Description
`act`	arbitrary units	Activity level from rumen bolus accelerometer (direct)
`act_decrease_index`	index	Activity decrease relative to individual baseline (derived)
`act_estrus_index`	index	Activity-based estrus (heat) detection index (derived)
`act_estrus_preprocess`	arbitrary units	Pre-processed/filtered activity signal used as input for estrus algorithm (derived)
`act_group_heat_index`	index	Group-level heat detection; compares animal’s activity to herd average (direct, herd-referenced)
`act_group_ratio`	dimensionless ratio	Ratio of this animal’s activity to group mean (direct, herd-referenced)
`act_index`	index	Normalised general activity index (derived); example value: 8.96
`act_pasture_index`	index	Activity index adjusted for pasture vs. barn context (derived)

Reproduction and calving¶

Column	Unit	Description
`calving_index`	index	Imminent calving prediction index (based on temperature drop and activity changes) (derived)
`heat_index`	index	Combined heat/estrus detection score (fuses activity and temperature signals) (derived)

Drinking¶

Column	Unit	Description
`drink_cycles_v2`	count	Number of detected drinking bouts, v2 detection algorithm (derived)

Rumen state¶

Column	Unit	Description
`in_reticulum`	0 or 1	Whether the bolus is confirmed to be in the reticulum (direct); example: 1.0
`ph`	pH units	Rumen pH (direct); only available in animals with smaXtec pH bolus (~6-10% of herd)
`ph_under_58`	minutes or count	Duration/count of pH readings below 5.8 – the subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) threshold (derived)
`rum_classification`	categorical	Rumination state classification (ruminating / not ruminating) (direct)
`rum_dec_index`	index	Rumination decrease index – flags drops relative to individual baseline (derived)
`rum_index`	contraction count	Cumulative reticulorumen contraction count (direct); example value: 34,852 – this is a raw count, not a normalised 0-1 index

Motility¶

Column	Unit	Description
`mot_period`	seconds	Reticulorumen contraction interval (motility period) (direct)
`mot_pulse_width`	seconds	Duration of a single reticulorumen contraction pulse (direct)
`mot_pulse_width_median`	seconds	Median contraction pulse width over a rolling window (derived)
`mot_period_rum_6h_we`	seconds	Mean contraction interval during rumination, 6-hour window (derived, ?)
`mot_period_not_rum_6h_we`	seconds	Mean contraction interval outside rumination, 6-hour window (derived, ?)

Temperature¶

Column	Unit	Description
`temp`	deg C	Core body (rumen/reticulum) temperature (direct); example: 39.14 deg C
`temp_without_drink_cycles`	deg C	Rumen temperature with drinking-event cold-water artifacts filtered out (derived); example: 39.11 deg C
`temp_normal_index`	deg C	Animal’s individual baseline/reference temperature (derived); example: 39.48 deg C – this is a temperature value, not a normalised score
`temp_height_index`	deg C	Deviation of current temperature from the animal’s baseline (temp_normal_index) (derived); example: -0.37 deg C (negative = below baseline)
`temp_dec_index`	index	Temperature decrease index – flags abnormal temperature drops (derived)
`temp_inc_index`	index	Temperature increase index – flags abnormal temperature rises (e.g. fever) (derived)
`temp_limit_crossing`	count	Number of times temperature crossed a predefined threshold (derived)
`temp_group_ratio_svm_inc_index`	index	SVM-based classifier for temperature increase relative to group (derived)
`temp_svm_inc_index`	index	SVM-based classifier for individual temperature increase (derived)
`temp_duration_index`	index	Duration of temperature deviation episodes (derived) – present in smaXtec documentation but may not appear in all export files
`temp_repetitiveness_index`	index	Repetitiveness of temperature deviation patterns (derived) – present in smaXtec documentation but may not appear in all export files

smaxtec_water_intake¶

Water intake is not measured directly but inferred from rumen temperature drops caused by cold water entering the reticulum during drinking events (confirmed).

Column	Unit	Description
`timestamp`	ISO-8601 datetime	Date/time of the daily water intake estimate
`water_intake_liter`	litres/day	Estimated daily water intake (und Wasser, l/Tag) (confirmed)

dwd_weather¶

Daily weather summaries from the Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD).

Column	Unit	Description
`dt`	date (YYYY-MM-DD)	Date of the weather observation
`thi_max`	dimensionless index	Maximum Temperature-Humidity Index for the day
`qb_thi`	categorical code	DWD quality flag (Qualitaetsbyte) (?)
`num_values_thi`	count	Number of hourly measurements used for daily THI
`enthalpy_max`	kJ/kg	Maximum air enthalpy for the day (heat load metric)
`qb_enthalpy`	categorical code	DWD quality flag for enthalpy (?)
`num_values_enthalpy`	count	Number of hourly measurements used for daily enthalpy

hobo_weather¶

Weather station readings from HOBO loggers. Part of the barn climate monitoring system (Stallklima) alongside LoRaWAN and smaXtec barn sensors (confirmed). Measurements include air temperature at various positions with barn mean (Lufttemperatur: versch. Positionen und Mittelwert von Stall-Neubau-Sensoren), relative humidity, solar radiation (Solarstrahlung), wind speed (Windgeschwindigkeit), and wind direction (confirmed).

Column names include HOBO logger serial numbers from the export format.

Column	Unit	Description
`datetime`	ISO-8601 datetime	Date/time of weather station reading
`21136553_b_battery_v`	Volt	Battery voltage of HOBO logger 21136553
`21141733_1_temperature`	deg C	Ambient air temperature (Lufttemperatur)
`21141733_2_rh`	%	Relative humidity (rel. Luftfeuchtigkeit)
`21141733_3_dew_point`	deg C	Dew point temperature
`21141733_b_battery_level`	%	Battery level of logger 21141733
`21141735_1_solar_radiation`	W/m2	Incoming solar radiation (Solarstrahlung)
`21141735_b_battery_level`	%	Battery level of logger 21141735
`21141737_1_wetness`	arbitrary units	Leaf/surface wetness sensor reading
`21141737_b_battery_level`	%	Battery level of logger 21141737
`21141734_1_wind_speed`	m/s	Wind speed (Windgeschwindigkeit)
`21141734_2_gust_speed`	m/s	Peak wind gust speed
`21141734_3_wind_direction`	degrees (0-360)	Wind direction (Windrichtung)
`21141734_b_battery_level`	%	Battery level of logger 21141734

Notes from collaborators¶

The following additional parameters were listed in the smaXtec parameter documentation as desired for analysis but are not present as dedicated columns in the current export:

Laktationstag (days in milk) – can be derived from calving dates in smaxtec_events (event_type = calving_confirmation) and herdeplus_calving_lactation
Trächtigkeitstag (pregnancy day, if pregnant) – can be derived from insemination dates in smaxtec_events (event_type = insemination) combined with pregnancy_result events
Lux (illuminance) – listed in barn climate requirements but not present in HOBO export; may require additional sensor